Starting-Up Right! Connectors Network

To strengthen corruption prevention support for emerging start-ups, the Centre invites start-up connectors including incubators, accelerators and organisations that support or coordinate local start-ups initiatives to join the “Starting Up Right! Connectors Network”. Member organisations can access tailored corruption prevention support for their affiliated start-ups, including business ethics sharing sessions, anti-corruption resources and regular updates on ICAC events and publications. 

Start-up connectors are welcome to join the Network to support the ethics promotion work. Please contact us for further information.

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Starting-Up Right! Connectors Network 

To strengthen corruption prevention support for emerging start-ups, the Centre invites start-up connectors including incubators, accelerators and organisations that support or coordinate local start-ups initiatives to join the “Starting Up Right! Connectors Network”. Member organisations can access tailored corruption prevention support for their affiliated start-ups, including business ethics sharing sessions, anti-corruption resources and regular updates on ICAC events and publications. 

Start-up connectors are welcome to join the Network to support the ethics promotion work. Please contact us for further information.

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SME Corruption Prevention Network

There are now over 70 trade associations, representing some 40,000 SMEs across various industries in the Network. 

- List of supporting organisations of the SME Corruption Prevention Network

Through the Network, members receive corruption prevention messages as well as regular updates on the ICAC’s ethics promotion initiatives and publications, including conferences, thematic seminars and feature articles. 

Trade organisations are welcome to join the Network to support the ethics promotion work. Please contact us for further information.

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SME CP Network
Import Data

SME Corruption Prevention Network

There are now over 70 trade associations, representing some 40,000 SMEs across various industries in the Network. 

- List of supporting organisations of the SME Corruption Prevention Network

Through the Network, members receive corruption prevention messages as well as regular updates on the ICAC’s ethics promotion initiatives and publications, including conferences, thematic seminars and feature articles. 

Trade organisations are welcome to join the Network to support the ethics promotion work. Please contact us for further information.

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Conflict of interest

Jonathan was a computer programmer in Galaxy Electronics. The job assigned to Jonathan was contracted out to an outside software house whose proprietor was his friend. His friend asked Jonathan to take up the job in his own spare time…
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Jonathan was a very task-oriented young computer programmer employed by the Galaxy Electronics Ltd for two years.

One day, his supervisor asked him to design a programme for a digital answering machine.   Jonathan turned it down and explained that he was extremely busy at that time.  The job was then contracted out to an outside software house named Leo Systems Company.

It so happened that Leo, the proprietor of Leo Systems, was an old friend of Jonathan.  He rang Jonathan and told him of the job offer.  Actually, Leo and his staff had their hands full at that time but would not like to turn down Galaxy when they made the offer.  What Leo wanted was to maintain a good relationship with Galaxy all through so that in future when their jobs again had to be contracted out, they would come to Leo Systems again.

Leo asked if Jonathan would consider lending a hand in designing the programme in his own spare time.  The contract money could be split, with Jonathan taking a share for the part that he did and Leo taking the share his men worked on.

Jonathan thought hard.  He could certainly sacrifice a few nights' sleep to get a part of the programme written up.  He knew what the requirements were.

Should he say ‘yes’ to Leo?  He would be earning extra money at the expenses of his boss.  Would this weigh heavily on his conscience? Or was it a stone that could be lifted easily?

Case Analysis

Jonathan was facing a situation of conflict of interest as well as an ethical dilemma that might put his personal values such as loyalty and honesty to challenge. On one hand, his assistance to Leo could help Leo’s company maintain a good business relationship with Galaxy; on the other hand,  his taking up of the moonlighting job from Leo at the expense of his boss might create a conflict of interest.  In handling the situation, Jonathan should identify the relevant facts and take stock of all stakeholders concerned. The following factors should be taken into consideration when identifying viable alternatives and choosing the best course of action for himself:

  1. Does his decision violate professional, industry specific, or company code of conduct?
  2. Is his decision against the law?
  3. Does it correspond with his self-values such as loyalty, honesty?
  4. Can he disclose the decision to others openly and honestly without misgivings?

The ETHICS PLUS ethical decision making model might be helpful for him in solving the dilemma.

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Accepting advantage from contractor

Man, an IT manager, was responsible for sourcing a LAN system for his engineering company. A technical sales manager tried to seal the deal by offering Man a set of expensive computer equipment for his personal use.
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Man, an IT manager, was responsible for sourcing a LAN system to be set up in his large engineering company.  He started to contact various contractors and one of them was a medium sized computer firm called ABC whose technical sales manager Gordon was a personable young man.

Gordon tried to persuade Man to use his suggested LAN system by quoting a price at $500,000 and claiming it the best bargain in the market.  Indeed, Gordon had his eyes set on the cost of after-sales service and maintenance which was actually quite profitable.  Man hesitated and said that he needed to seek his supervisor’s approval first as well as to seek a few more other quotations for comparison.  In order to secure the deal, Gordon made a suggestion that he would offer Man a set of free computer equipment of the latest model for his personal use if Man assisted Gordon in getting the contract. 

What should Man do? Should Man accept Gordon’s attractive offer?  Would he commit any offence by doing so?

Case Analysis

Under Section 9(1) of the Prevention of Bribery Ordinance (POBO), it would be an offence if Man (an employee), without the approval of his employer, accepted advantage from Gordon for assisting him in getting the business contract. 

According to Section 2 of the POBO, advantage means any gift, loan, fee, reward or commission, employment, contract, service, favour, payment, release or discharge of loan or liability, etc. The set of free computer equipment offered by Gordon to Man can be regarded as advantage.

Gordon might also violate Section 9(2) of the POBO for offering bribes to Man for the same purpose.

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Tipping off about the sack

The boss wanted to replace Anthony who was Edmond’s friend and colleague. Edmond wanted to tell Anthony the news in advance so that Anthony could get himself prepared.
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Edmond introduced his friend Anthony to work under his wing in a small I.T. company.  Felix, the company boss, had complained to Edmond for several months about Anthony’s work performance.  Anthony’s procrastination and being unnecessarily thorough was well-known in the company.  Felix just managed to tolerate the situation because he did not want to upset Edmond who brought large profits to the company.  Felix also told Edmond in confidence that Anthony was not the person whom the company needed and could be replaced by someone who was more efficient and yet cheaper.

As a friend, Edmond wondered if he should personally warn Anthony in advance so that Anthony could get prepared.  If Felix was right, terminating Anthony might be for the best interest of the company as well as for Edmond to maintain a good relationship with Felix.  On the other hand, leaking out the news in advance might also damage Felix’s trust and affect staff morale.

To tell Anthony or not to tell Anthony? That was the question worrying Edmond!

Case Analysis

Edmond was facing an ethical dilemma that might put his personal values such as honesty, responsibility and compassion to challenge. In handling the situation, Edmond should identify the relevant facts and take stock of all stakeholders concerned. The following factors should be taken into consideration when identifying viable alternatives and choosing the best course of action:

  1. Any violation to his professional, industry specific, or company code of conduct?
  2. Is it against the Law?
  3. Does it correspond with his self-values such as honesty, responsibility and compassion?
  4. Can he disclose his decision to others openly and honestly without misgivings?

The ETHICS PLUS ethical decision making model might be helpful for him in solving this ethical.

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A long shot: facing temptation

Customer Services Officer Tony and part-time phone salesman Curtis worked in the same team in a telephone company. Knowing that Tony was keen at golfing, Curtis offered to fix a golf club membership for Tony if Tony released clients’ personal information…
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Tony was a Customer Services Officer of a telephone company.  He tried his best in whatever he was assigned to do.  Very soon, he made a name for himself as a hardworking and responsible young officer.  Soon he got to know a lot of people working in his section.  One of them was Curtis.

Curtis was a part-time phone salesman working with Tony in the same team.  He had contacts everywhere and could gain entry to many exclusive clubs.  He treated Tony to dinners in the evenings, and sometimes even golf trips across the border on Sundays.

Tony picked up golf eagerly. He loved the greens and enjoyed the leisurely pace of the sport.  What was more was the pride of being among the well-to-dos in town.  He wished he had his own golf-membership but he knew it was almost impossible, given his present income and connections.

Curtis could guess what was on Tony's mind and told him, “If you release the personal information of your clients to me, I can fix a membership for you.  You have easy access to the computer records and this should not be a problem.”

Tony knew very well that Curtis would misuse these clients’ personal information for illegal gains.  He did not wish to be part of any scam.  But he could not resist the temptation of the golf membership. It would be decades before he could secure one on his own merits and earnings.  Perhaps it would not be difficult to find another colleague who also had access to the data to be the scapegoat.  Dinner and entertainment by Curtis also flashed across his mind.  Tony began to waver.  Should he say ‘yes’ to Curtis?

Case Analysis

Under Section 9(1) of the Prevention of Bribery Ordinance, it would be an offence if Tony (an employee), without the approval of his employer (the telephone company), accepted an advantage from Curtis for leaking out clients’ personal data. 

According to Section 2 of the POBO, advantage means any gift, loan, fee, reward or commission, employment, contract, service, favour, payment, release or discharge of loan or liability, etc.  Therefore, a golf club membership offered by Curtis can be regarded as an advantage.

Curtis might also violate Section 9(2) of POBO for offering bribes for the same purpose.

Furthermore, Tony and his company might breach the Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance for disclosure of personal data of his clients with an intent to obtain gain or cause loss to the company’s clients or failed to protect the personal data of their clients.

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Repaying a good turn

Two young engineers opened a start-up with their friends but now wanted to leave. For the start-up to survive, the engineers were asked by the friends to add the start-up into their company’s contractor list…
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Tom and Jerry were mechanical engineers of the Clark Gable Company Ltd (CG Co).  The two were the same batch and had been with the company for only a short time.  Recently, due to the re-organisation of the firm, some people would be laid off.   Mechanical engineering work would then be vested with a larger company, the Rock Hudson  Ltd.  The first ones to go would be those who came last and thus Tom and Jerry's jobs would be in jeopardy.

Tom tried to find a way out for the two of them.   They persuaded two friends, Sam and Tim who had similar training and background, to set up an engineering company called the Catch All Engineering Ltd (CAE).  This would serve as a fallback in case they were really sacked.

Shortly after CAE was set up, the bad news released.   Tom and Jerry were given notice to leave CG Co but, to their great surprise, Rock Hudson Ltd., which had taken over CG Co, offered to employ them to undertake their old duties.

Both of them were overjoyed.  But then they had another problem.  The two would have no more time to take care of matters related to CAE.

So one evening Tom and Jerry treated Sam and Tim to a sumptuous meal and told them that they could no longer share the business with them. Sam and Tim were outraged.  They reprimanded Tom and Jerry for making use of them in the first place and then leaving them in the lurch.  Trying to find a way out, Tim then made a proposal to Tom and Jerry.

Rock Hudson, as a major company, could provide many work opportunities.  The only thing that had to be done was to get CAE on their approved list of contractors.  Tom and Jerry could try to arrange that in whatever way possible.  After all, CAE provided quality service and it had to survive.

Tom and Jerry were in a quandary. They counted themselves most fortunate to be still in employment and with an even larger company. And they wished they could help their friends out.  Should they agree to add CAE to the approved list no matter what and no matter how?  It would do Rock Hudson no harm anyway.

What would happen if they refused?  Would they be indebted to Sam and Tim for the rest of their lives?  How should they handle that?

Case Analysis

Tom and Jerry were facing an ethical dilemma that might put their personal values such as fairness and honesty to challenge. On one hand, they felt obliged to help Sam and Tim out as they were lured into setting up a company upon invitation; on the other hand, it might jeopardise their career if Tom and Jerry tried to put the company on the approved list of contractors without going through proper procedures.  In handling the situation, they should identify the relevant facts and take stock of all stakeholders concerned. The following factors should be taken into consideration when identifying viable alternatives and choosing the best course of action for themselves:

  1. Does their decision violate their professional, industry specific, or company code of conduct?
  2. Is their decision against the law?
  3. Does it correspond with her self-values such as fairness and honesty?
  4. Can they disclose the decision to others openly and honestly without misgivings?

The ETHICS PLUS ethical decision making model might be helpful for them in solving the dilemma.

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Using office resources for private business

Eva, a fixed-term contract staff member in a large company, worked efficiently and usually finished her assignments before deadlines. To secure future income, she explored developing her side-business by using the company’s resources.
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Eva was a clever and efficient staff member working on a fixed-term contract in a large firm.  She could easily complete her assignments before the deadlines; but she preferred not letting other colleagues know about that because she did not want extra workload given to her and making other colleagues look less capable.  Being a fixed-term contract staff member, she understood that she would leave the firm at the end of the contract.  Hoping to make her mark one day and to secure future income, she was thinking the possibility of developing her side-business during the office hours by using the firm’s resources while pretending working on certain projects in the office. 

Eva thought to herself: it was not her fault that she was more efficient and capable than other colleagues.  She was only a fixed-term contract staff member and would leave the firm one day.  She needed to prepare herself for the future.

Was that justified for Eva’s secret plan?  What about the interest of the firm?  What factors does Eva need to consider before taking her course of action?

Case Analysis

Eva was facing an ethical dilemma that might put her personal values such as loyalty, responsibility and honesty to challenge. In handling the situation, Eva should identify the relevant facts and take stock of all stakeholders concerned. The following factors should be taken into consideration when identifying viable alternatives and choosing the best course of action:

  1. Any violations to her professional, industry specific, or company code of conduct.
  2. Is it against the Law?
  3. Does it correspond with her self-values such as loyalty, responsibility and honesty?
  4. Can she disclose her decision to others openly and honestly without misgivings?

The ETHICS PLUS ethical decision making model might be helpful for her in solving the dilemma.

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Partial prudence

Felix, a production manager, had two assistants, Gigi and Gordon. While Felix went easy on Gigi’s alleged forged overtime claims because she was a relative of the general manager, Felix treated Gordon more strictly.
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Felix, a production manager of a large toy factory, had two assistants, Gigi and Gordon.  Gigi was the favourite because she was a young charming lady and also a cousin of the General Manager while Gordon was not because he was brash and sometimes outright insolent.  They were both responsible for handling the overtime claims for workers on the toy production.  The Finance Department had complained to Felix a few times about Gigi and raised queries over some overtime claims forwarded by Gigi.  There were widespread rumours that Gigi might have overstated the overtime hours and even forged claims by using ghost workers.  Yet, Felix could not bring himself to ask Gigi for explanations but went easy on her by telling her to be more ‘prudent’ when handling the overtime claims in the future.  On the other hand, the Finance Department contacted Felix again but this time was about Gordon.  They had questions about some discrepancies on the hours of the overtime claims forwarded by Gordon.  However, Felix treated Gordon more strictly and was much firmer on the occasion.

Was Felix being equally fair to his assistants when handling the queries from the Finance Department?  Would it upset the General Manager if Felix was not kind to Gigi at work, which in return affected Felix’s work prospect?  How would it affect his professional image in the eyes of other colleagues?

Case Analysis

Felix was facing an ethical dilemma that might put his personal values such as fairness, responsibility and honesty to challenge. In handling the situation, Felix should identify the relevant facts and take stock of all stakeholders concerned. The following factors should be taken into consideration when identifying viable alternatives and choosing the best course of action:

  1. Any violation to his professional, industry specific, or company code of conduct.
  2. Is it against the Law?
  3. Does it correspond with his self-values such as fairness, responsibility and honesty?
  4. Can he disclose his decision to others openly and honestly without misgivings?

The ETHICS PLUS ethical decision making model might be helpful for him in solving the dilemma.

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1. In which country or region are you currently located?
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4. What is your staff level or position?
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